A three-coil electromagnetic induction wear debris detection method with high sensitivity, low voltage and low power consumption is proposed. The induced voltage change caused by wear debris passing through the coil set is theoretically deduced, and the geometric parameters of the coil set are optimized based on the derivation. The dual LC resonance is realized by connecting capacitors of appropriate capacitance values to both sides of the coil set in parallel and in series to obtain higher excitation current and induced voltage. Experimental results show that under the excitation of sinusoidal signal of 108 kHz and 5 Vpp, the above two methods can greatly improve the signal-to-noise ratio, and ferrous debris as small as 150 μm can be clearly detected without using any amplifier circuit after the phase sensitive demodulation circuit, the active power of the excitation coil is only 1. 12 mW. The designed sensor can achieve high sensitivity while the low power consumption is balanced. The optimization idea can be used as a reference for the optimization of the same type of sensors.