During the process of cutting coal seams with mining equipment, different characteristics of coal and rock can cause changes in the temperature of the cutting teeth. To explore the changing characteristics of the temperature field of the pick, the heat source distribution in the process of cutting the coal seam by the pick is analyzed. The theoretical calculation model of the temperature field of the pick in the process of cutting the coal seam is established using the heat source method. Considering the actual working conditions of the mining equipment, the calculation process of the convection heat transfer coefficient of the spray system is deduced. Taking the MG2 ×55 / 250-BWD shearer as the research object, a model of rotating cutting of coal and rock is formulated based on ABAQUS finite element software. The distribution and variation of the temperature field of the pick under different working conditions are studied. Based on Fluent fluid simulation software, the spray cooling model is established, and the convective heat transfer coefficient of the pick under different spray pressures is obtained. Then, the heat transfer coefficient is brought into the ABAQUS finite element model to simulate the temperature field of the pick during coal cutting under water spray cooling. Finally, a temperature collection experimental platform for drum-cutting coal and rock is established. A temperature collection system for cutting teeth is designed. Some experiments on drumcutting coal and rock under different working conditions are conducted, and the variation law of the temperature field of the cutting teeth is analyzed. The correctness of designed theoretical calculations and simulation models is evaluated. The results show that the temperature field of the pick has different distribution patterns under different working conditions, and the maximum temperature is positively correlated with the rotating speed of the cylinder, the traction speed, and the coefficient of coal rock firmness. Water spray pressure is inversely proportional to the cutting temperature, and the water spray cooling can greatly reduce the cutting temperature by over 20% , compared to dry cutting conditions. The research results provide new theories and methods for identifying coal-rock properties based on the temperature field of the cutting teeth.