湿气伪段塞流流量测量方法研究
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天津大学电气自动化与信息工程学院天津300072

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TH814

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国家自然科学基金(62273252,62203325)、国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFB3214004)资助


Research on the measurement of flowrate in wet-gas pseudo-slug flow
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School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China

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    摘要:

    相较于其他流型而言,湿气伪段塞流的气液相间界面高度不稳定,时空分布复杂多变,给油气行业实现流量在线不分离测量带来了极大的挑战。为此,本研究提出了一种微波谐振腔-文丘里联合传感器,其中微波谐振腔传感器可以表征管道内含率信息的变化,文丘里传感器输出的差压信号用于反应管道内流体的总流量。基于该传感器开展动态实验研究,并在其上游设计了一套伪段塞流发生装置,以实现对伪段塞体的长度及发生时间的自主可控。实验结果表明,传感器输出的微波幅值信号与差压信号呈现出明显的周期性变化特征,且在时域上与伪段塞发生周期高度吻合,伪段塞的来临会引起微波幅值和文丘里差压的突变。此外,还进一步分析了含水率、压力、气相流速等不同工况条件对传感器响应特征和测量结果的影响。为降低建模难度,将伪段塞流划分为“常规湿气”和“伪段塞体”两个阶段,结合高斯过程回归,分别建立体积含水率模型和虚高流量模型。结果表明,在90%置信水平下,在本研究的实验工况范围内,“常规湿气”的体积含水率和气相流量预测的相对误差分别为±13.2%和±2.2%,“伪段塞体”阶段两者分别为±14.8%和±9.04%。研究结果为天然气开采过程中针对湿气伪段塞流的流量在线不分离计量提供了一种有效的技术路径。

    Abstract:

    Compared with other flow patterns, wet-gas pseudo-slug flow is characterized by highly unstable gas-liquid interfaces and complex,variable spatiotemporal distributions, posing significant challenges to online, non-separative flow measurement in the oil and gas industry. To address this issue, this study proposes a combined sensor consisting of a microwave resonant cavity and a Venturi tube. The microwave resonant cavity sensor is used to characterize phase holdup, while the differential pressure signal from the Venturi sensor is employed to reflect the total flowrate of the fluid. Dynamic experiments are conducted based on this combined sensor, and a pseudo-slug flow generation device is designed upstream to enable independent control of the pseudo-slug length and occurrence timing. Experimental results show that the microwave amplitude signal and differential pressure signal exhibit pronounced periodic characteristics, which are highly consistent with the pseudo-slug occurrence cycle in the time domain. The arrival of pseudo-slugs induces abrupt changes in both the microwave amplitude and Venturi differential pressure. Furthermore, the effects of different operating conditions, including water cut, pressure, and gas-phase velocity, on sensor response characteristics and measurement performance are systematically analyzed. To reduce modeling complexity, the pseudo-slug flow is divided into two stages, namely “conventional wet gas” and “pseudoslug body.” Gaussian process regression is then employed to establish separate models for volumetric water holdup and apparent flow rate. The results indicate that, at a 90% confidence level and within the experimental conditions considered in this study, the relative prediction errors of water volume fraction and gas flowrate for the “conventional wet gas” stage are ±13.2% and ±2.2%, respectively, while those for the “pseudo-slug body” stage are ±14.8% and ±9.04%, respectively. The results provide an effective technical pathway for online, non-separative flow measurement of wet-gas pseudo-slug flow in natural gas production.

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左荣基,徐英,袁超,武满满,武宇飞.湿气伪段塞流流量测量方法研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2026,47(6):13-22

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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-09-02
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