7. 5 位万用表精密放大器直流偏置问题研究
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TH89 TM932 TB971

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全军共用信息系统装备预研专用技术项目(31517010401)资助


Research on the DC bias problem of 7. 5-bit multimeter precision amplifier
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    摘要:

    作为校准级仪器的 7. 5 位万用表,可用于航天航空领域中传感器电参数标定。 直流放大器的偏置问题直接影响万用表 测量精度。 本文设计一种低直流偏置放大器,以 JFET 构成的共源共基放大电路、比例缓冲电流镜、V-I 变换恒流源电路作为输 入级放大电路,级联高增益运算放大器构成电压串联负反馈结构,解决高输入阻抗与低噪声放大的矛盾问题。 本文对失调电压 和温度漂移构成的直流偏置模型进行分析:发现电流镜失调电压对 JFET 的失调电压具有补偿作用,并优化电阻修调电路对改 善 JFET 失调电压;由温度漂移仿真发现:由 V-I 变换电流源的电流温度漂移和比例电阻温度漂移是放大器温度漂移的两大因 素。 通过低温漂敏感器件的选择、PCB 热布局的优化及防风壳的设计,改善系统整体温度系数。 实验表明,该放大器失调电压 绝对值小于 11 μV,优于 JFET 类型精密放大器 OPA828;放大器温度系数为-2 ~ -4 μV/ ℃ ,与没有温度校准的 Keysight 3458A 温度系数处于同一等级。 该放大器满足 7. 5 位万用表的设计需求。

    Abstract:

    As a calibration-grade instrument, the 7. 5-digit multimeter can be used for the calibration of sensor electrical parameters in the aerospace field. The basic problem of the DC amplifier directly affects the measurement accuracy of the multimeter. In this article, a low DC bias amplifier is designed, with a common-source common-base amplification circuit composed of JFET, a proportional buffer current mirror, a V-I conversion constant current source circuit as the input stage amplification circuit, and a cascaded high-gain operational amplifier to form a voltage series negative feedback structure to solve the contradiction between high input impedance and low noise amplification. The DC bias model consisted of offset voltage and temperature drift is analyzed. It is found that the offset voltage of the current mirror compensates for the offset voltage of the JFET, and the resistor repair circuit is optimized to improve the offset voltage of the JFET. Temperature drift simulation shows that the current temperature drift of the V-I conversion current source and the proportional resistance temperature drift are two main factors of amplifier temperature drift. The overall temperature coefficient of the system is improved through the selection of low-temperature drift sensitive devices, the optimization of PCB thermal layout, and the design of windproof shells. Experiments show that the absolute value of the offset voltage of this amplifier is less than 11 μV, which is better than that of the JFET precision amplifier OPA828. The amplifier temperature coefficient is -2~ -4 μV/ ℃ , which is in the same grade as the Keysight 3458A temperature coefficient without temperature calibration. The amplifier meets the design requirements of the 7. 5-digit multimeter.

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王世隆,邓守鹏,王恒博,韦建荣,王言章.7. 5 位万用表精密放大器直流偏置问题研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2023,44(11):56-65

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  • 在线发布日期: 2024-01-29
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